What is the age breakdown of Hungary's population?

Published: March 10 2023

Contents

Hungary's demographic makeup is rapidly changing due to natural population decline and emigration. As of 2022, Hungary's population stands at approximately 9.5 million, with 21% of the population considered elderly (over 65 years old). In contrast, the proportion of children under 15 years has only decreased slightly, with the active population (15-65 years) seeing a considerable decline. This change in demographic makeup presents unique challenges for Hungary's economy, healthcare system, and social welfare.

Historically, Hungary had a robust and growing population, but in the last few years, the trend has reversed. The country's aging population, low fertility rates, and high emigration rates have resulted in an unusual and concerning population distribution. The proportion of the population classified as elderly has increased from approximately 18% in 2010 to 21% in 2022.

The proportion of children has only seen a slight decrease from 14.9% in 2010 to 14.6% in 2022. However, the most significant change has been seen in the active population. In 2010, the active population accounted for 67.5% of the population, while in 2022, that number has dropped to 64.3%.

The demographic shift can cause challenges in many areas. One of the significant challenges is the increasing pressure on the healthcare system. An increasing aging population leads to more chronic diseases, which in turn requires greater healthcare resources. Another area of impact is the social system. As the proportion of the aging population continues to increase, there may be more demand for social programs such as senior care, which will need to be funded. Finally, the economy may face challenges if the active population is decreasing, as this could lead to an insufficient workforce.

The demographic shift in Hungary has already caused some economic changes. For example, the labor force has decreased, and unemployment rates are currently low, partly owing to the fact that many people have left Hungary. In contrast, the aging population consumes more healthcare and pension resources, which can limit the government's spending choices. If the population continues to age, there will be a pressure to increase the retirement age or to possibly reduce the number of services offered.

Hungary's aging population presents a unique and complex challenge for the country, its policymakers, and its residents. The changes in Hungary's population structure will undoubtedly have significant economic, social, and political implications. As the population continues to age, new policies and strategies for affording social programs, healthcare services, and pensions will need to be considered to ensure that Hungary is prepared to face these challenges.